The pleiotropic cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is emerging as a molecule with both beneficial
and destructive potentials. It can exert opposing actions triggering either neuron survival …

Overweight and obesity are now considered a worldwide pandemic and a growing public
health problem with severe economic and social consequences. Adipose tissue is an organ …

Aberrant amino acid metabolism is a common event in obesity. Particularly, subjects with
obesity are characterized by the excessive plasma kynurenine (Kyn). However, the primary …

Osteoarthritis (OA) and posttraumatic OA (PTOA) are caused by an imbalance in catabolic
and anabolic processes in articular cartilage and proinflammatory changes throughout the …

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been shown to play a strong role in colorectal
cancer metastasis, yet the underlying mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. Using CRC …

Axons in the peripheral nervous system have the ability to repair themselves after damage,
whereas axons in the central nervous system are unable to do so. A common and important …

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is genetically heterogeneous retinopathy caused by
photoreceptor cell death and retinal pigment epithelial atrophy that eventually results in …

Resident macrophages are distributed across all tissues and are highly heterogeneous due
to adaptation to different tissue-specific environments. The resident macrophages of the …

Abstract Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a major cytokine that promotes anti-and pro-inflammatory
outcomes by activating the membrane IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) or the soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL …

Following peripheral nerve injury, successful axonal growth and functional recovery require
Schwann cell (SC) reprogramming into a reparative phenotype, a process dependent upon …