Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a chronic disease in which the retina is damaged due to small
vessel damage caused by diabetes mellitus, is one of the leading causes of vision …

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) represents a highly-prevalent complication of diabetes in which
individuals suffer from damage to the blood vessels in the retina. The disease manifests …

Background and objectives Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness
worldwide, and therefore its early detection is important in order to reduce disease-related …

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is considered one of the primary concerns due to its effect on
vision loss among most people with diabetes globally. The severity of DR is mostly …

Microaneurysms (MAs) play an important role in the diagnosis of clinical diabetic retinopathy
at the early stage. Annotation of MAs manually by experts is laborious and so it is essential …

An effective automatic diagnosis and grading of diabetic retinopathy would be very useful in
the management of the diabetic retinopathy within the national health system. The detection …

Microaneurysms are the earliest symptom of diabetic retinopathy and play an important role
in the screening of diabetic retinopathy. However, because of the complex background …

Abstract Trustworthy Machine Learning (ML) is one of significant challenges of “black-box”
ML for its wide impact on practical applications. This paper investigates the effects of …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), as an important complication of diabetes, is the primary cause of
blindness in adults. Automatic DR detection poses a challenge which is crucial for early DR …

Due to the widespread of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications, a need for
early detection of the leading symptoms in the masses is felt like never before. One of the …