Vascular smooth muscle cells can perform both contractile and synthetic functions, which
are associated with and characterised by changes in morphology, proliferation and …

The action of transforming-growth-factor (TGF)-β following inflammatory responses is
characterized by increased production of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, as well as …

Recent studies are reviewed indicating that the transcription factor early growth response-1
(Egr1) is a direct regulator of multiple tumor suppressors including TGFβ1, PTEN, p53, and …

Extensive studies have demonstrated that transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) plays an
important role in the progression of renal diseases. TGF‐β exerts its biological functions …

Keloid scarring, also known as keloid disease (KD), is a common, abnormally raised
fibroproliferative cutaneous lesion that can occur following even minor skin trauma. The …

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related death in both men and
women in the western hemisphere. According to the American Cancer Society, an estimated …

Uterine fibroids (UFs) are benign tumors of the female genital tract made of the smooth
muscle of the uterus. UF growth depends mostly on the influence of the steroid hormones …

Substantial preclinical and clinical research into chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD)
has come to fruition in the last five years, generating a clear understanding of a complex …

Tooth development was cooperatively regulated by the epithelial ameloblasts and
mesenchymal odontoblasts. Ameloblasts secrete enamel matrix, critical for enamel …

Fibroblasts maintain the structural framework of animal tissue by synthesizing extracellular
matrix molecules. Chronic lung diseases are characterized in part by changes in fibroblast …