The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented healthcare emergency causing mortality and
illness across the world. Although primarily affecting the lungs, the SARS-CoV-2 virus also …

Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disorder with increasing prevalence due to aging of
the population. Its multi-factorial etiology includes oxidative stress and the overproduction of …

Wound treatment is largely influenced by pre-existing hypoxic microenvironments and
biofilms, which can severely diminish the efficacy of phototherapy, suggesting the …

Abstract Treatment of tuberculosis (TB) involves the administration of anti-mycobacterial
drugs for several months. The emergence of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium …

Nitric oxide (NO) is a key signalling molecule in the cardiovascular, immune and central
nervous systems, and crucial steps in the regulation of NO bioavailability in health and …

Complex structural and functional changes occur in the arterial system with advancing age.
The aged artery is characterized by changes in micro RNA expression patterns, autophagy …

Significance: Oxidative stress is thought to account for aberrant redox homeostasis and
contribute to aging and disease. However, more often than not, administration of …

Nitric oxide (NO) is a pleiotropic janus-faced molecule synthesized by nitric oxide synthases
(NOS) which plays a critical role in a number of physiological and pathological processes in …

Cytochrome c (Cytc) plays a vital role in the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC). In
addition, it is a key regulator of apoptosis. Cytc has multiple other functions including ROS …

Abstract Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is an important mediator of innate immunity but can also promote
inflammatory tissue damage. During chronic infections such as tuberculosis, the beneficial …