In the mammalian central nervous system, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is
counterbalanced by antioxidant defenses. When large amounts of ROS accumulate …

We review progress towards greater mechanistic understanding and clinical translation of a
strategy to improve respiratory and non-respiratory motor function in people with …

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by the degeneration of upper and lower
motor neurons (MNs) leading to paralysis and, ultimately, death by respiratory failure 3–5 …

Recent evidence has supported the hypothesis that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a
multi-step disease, as the onset of symptoms occurs after sequential exposure to a defined …

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative condition noteworthy for upper
and lower motor neuron death. Involvement of respiratory motor neuron pools leads to …

Widespread appreciation that neuroplasticity is an essential feature of the neural system
controlling breathing has emerged only in recent years. In this chapter, we focus on …

Respiratory failure is the main cause of death in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Since
no effective treatments to preserve independent breathing are available, there is a critical …

Inspiratory accessory respiratory muscles (ARMs) enhance ventilation when demands are
high, such as during exercise and/or pathological conditions. Despite progressive …

Brief, intermittent oxygen reductions [acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH)] evokes spinal
plasticity. Models of AIH-induced neuroplasticity have focused on motoneurons; however …

Cervical spinal cord injury (cSCI) severs bulbospinal projections to respiratory motor
neurons, paralyzing respiratory muscles below the injury. C2 spinal hemisection (C2Hx) is a …