Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) develop via convergence of environmental, microbial,
immunological, and genetic factors. Alterations in the gut microbiota have been associated …

Probiotics have been considered as an economical and safe alternative for the treatment of
a large number of chronic diseases and improvement of human health. They are known to …

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified thousands of noncoding loci that
are associated with human diseases and complex traits, each of which could reveal insights …

The molecular mechanisms governing orderly shutdown and retraction of CD4+ type 1
helper T (TH1) cell responses remain poorly understood. Here we show that complement …

The intestine harbours a complex array of microorganisms collectively known as the gut
microbiota. The past two decades have witnessed increasing interest in studying the gut …

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully mapped thousands of loci
associated with complex traits. These associations could reveal the molecular mechanisms …

Host–microbiota interactions are fundamental for the development of the immune system.
Drastic changes in modern environments and lifestyles have led to an imbalance of this …

The mammalian intestine is colonized by trillions of microorganisms that have co-evolved
with the host in a symbiotic relationship. The presence of large numbers of symbionts near …

Throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, a distinct mucus layer composed of highly
glycosylated proteins called mucins plays an essential role in providing lubrication for the …

Macroautophagy/autophagy is a cellular catabolic process that results in lysosome-
mediated recycling of organelles and protein aggregates, as well as the destruction of …