This paper investigates the effect of the socioeconomic development on life expectancy at
birth as an indicator of mortality or longevity in five EU accession candidate countries …

Much attention in biogerontology is paid to the deceleration of mortality rate increase with
age by the end of a species-specific lifespan, eg after ca. 90 years in humans. Being …

Inter-individual variance in longevity (or any other demographic outcome) may arise from
heterogeneity or from individual stochasticity. Heterogeneity refers to differences among …

Variance in longevity among individuals may arise as an effect of heterogeneity (differences
in mortality rates experienced at the same age or stage) or as an effect of individual …

Mortality information of populations is aggregated in life tables that serve as a basis for
calculation of life expectancy and various life disparity measures. Conventional life-table …

BACKGROUND The Makeham term serves as a fundamental component in mortality
modeling, offering a constant additive hazard that accounts for background mortality factors …

The global rise of life expectancy at birth has attracted worldwide interest, especially in
understanding the pace of mortality transition in developing countries. In this study, we …

Abstract Automatic Adjustment Mechanisms (AAMs) are legal instruments that help social
security systems respond to demographic and economic changes. In Brazil, the Social …

Abstract Background Before German reunification, old-age mortality was considerably
higher in East Germany than West Germany but converged quickly afterward. Previous …

Results well known in the actuarial community about closed-form expressions to Gompertz
and Gompertz-Makeham life expectancies for a person aged x are still being independently …