Clonal populations of microbial cells often show a high degree of phenotypic variability
under homogeneous conditions. Stochastic fluctuations in the cellular components that …

DNA is one of the most promising materials for nanobiotechnology, and the present review
article aims to describe recent advances in the self-assembly of functional DNA …

Heterologous gene expression can be a significant burden for cells. Here we describe an in
vivo monitor that tracks changes in the capacity of Escherichia coli in real time and can be …

The inability to predict heterologous gene expression levels precisely hinders our ability to
engineer biological systems. Using well-characterized regulatory elements offers a potential …

Cell-free systems offer a promising approach to engineer biology since their open nature
allows for well-controlled and characterized reaction conditions. In this review, we discuss …

Metabolic engineering emerged 20 years ago as the discipline occupied with the directed
modification of metabolic pathways for the microbial synthesis of various products. As such …

Prokaryotic expression systems are superior in producing valuable recombinant proteins,
enzymes and therapeutic products. Conventional microbial technology is evolving gradually …

Whole cell microbial biosensors are offering an alternative means for rapid, on-site heavy
metal detection. Based in microorganisms, biosensing constructs are designed and …

Communication between bacteria, belonging to the same species or to different species, is
mediated through different chemical signals that are synthesized and secreted by bacteria …

Directed evolution, the laboratory process by which biological entities with desired traits are
created through iterative rounds of genetic diversification and library screening or selection …