Respiratory viruses cause infections of the upper or lower respiratory tract and they are
responsible for the common cold—the most prevalent disease in the world. In many cases …

Transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a major regulator of
antioxidant response element‐(ARE‐) driven cytoprotective protein expression. The …

Coronaviruses can cause serious respiratory tract infections and may also impact other end
organs such as the central nervous system, the lung and the heart. The coronavirus disease …

Luteolin is a flavonoid widely present in various traditional Chinese medicines. In recent
years, luteolin has received more attention due to its impressive liver protective effect, such …

Viral respiratory infections are a common cause of severe disease, especially in infants,
people who are immunocompromised, and in the elderly. Neutrophils, an important innate …

Reactive species are frequently formed after viral infections. Antioxidant defences, including
enzymatic and non-enzymatic components, protect against reactive species, but sometimes …

Viruses use cell machinery to replicate their genome and produce viral proteins. For this
reason, several intracellular factors, including the redox state, might directly or indirectly …

Morbidity and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are due in large part to
severe cytokine storm and hypercoagulable state brought on by dysregulated host …

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a serious disease with unacceptably high mortality and morbidity
rates. Up to now, no effective therapeutic strategy for ALI has been established. Rutin …

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are large positive stranded enveloped RNA viruses that generally
cause enteric and respiratory diseases in humans and in animals. Most human CoVs have …