Mainstream statistical methodology is generally applicable to data observed in Euclidean
space. There are, however, numerous contexts of considerable scientific interest in which …

Circular data are common in biological studies. The most fundamental question that can be
asked of a sample of circular data is whether it suggests that the underlying population is …

Background Circular data are gathered in diverse fields of science where measured traits
are cyclical in nature: such as compass directions or times of day. The most common …

The increasing frequency of extreme precipitation (EP) has become an important issue
owing to its high degree of destruction. Studies on the spatiotemporal distribution of EP …

Unravelling how biodiversity is maintained despite species competition for shared resources
has been a central question in community ecology, and is gaining relevance amidst the …

In dense mating aggregations, such as leks and choruses, acoustic signals produced by
competing male conspecifics often overlap in time. When signals overlap at a fine temporal …

The most common statistical procedure with a sample of circular data is to test the null
hypothesis that points are spread uniformly around the circle without a preferred direction …

The orientation of naive animals during their first migration is extensively studied in birds
and sea turtles, whereas the data for other groups such as amphibians are still scarce. To …

Mammals tend to align their most energetically demanding phenological events with periods
of peak resource availability. Their reproductive phenology is influenced by local resource …

Animals can use two variants of the magnetic compass: the 'polar compass' or the
'inclination compass'. Among vertebrates, the compass type has been identified for salmon …