Currently, obesity has become a global health issue and is referred to as an epidemic.
Dysfunctional obese adipose tissue plays a pivotal role in the development of insulin …

Endoplasmic reticulum quality control (ERQC) pathways comprising chaperones, folding
enzymes, and degradation factors ensure the fidelity of ER protein folding and trafficking to …

Metabolic homeostasis in mammals is tightly regulated by the complementary actions of
insulin and glucagon. The secretion of these hormones from pancreatic β-cells and α-cells …

Cellular stress induced by the abnormal accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins at
the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is emerging as a possible driver of human diseases …

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by the failure of insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells (or β-
cell death) due to either autoimmunity (type 1 diabetes mellitus) or failure to compensate for …

Significance: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a specialized organelle for the folding and
trafficking of proteins, which is highly sensitive to changes in intracellular homeostasis and …

Abstract Knowledge gained over the past 10 years about the mechanisms that underpin
autophagy has provided a universal framework for studies of diverse physiological and …

Numerous genetic and environmental insults impede the ability of cells to properly fold and
posttranslationally modify secretory and transmembrane proteins in the endoplasmic …

The incretin hormone Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) is best known for its “incretin effect”
in restoring glucose homeostasis in diabetics, however, it is now apparent that it has a …

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing worldwide, a consequence of the
alarming rise in obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Oxidative stress and inflammation …