The past two decades have seen a major expansion in the availability, size, and precision of
time-domain data sets in astronomy. Owing to their unique combination of flexibility …

The rotation of a star and the revolutions of its planets are not necessarily aligned. This
article reviews the measurement techniques, key findings, and theoretical interpretations …

We update the capabilities of the open-knowledge software instrument Modules for
Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA). The new auto _ diff module implements …

Abstract The CHaracterising ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS) was selected on October 19,
2012, as the first small mission (S-mission) in the ESA Science Programme and successfully …

Astronomers have discovered thousands of planets outside the Solar System, most of which
orbit stars that will eventually evolve into red giants and then into white dwarfs. During the …

The growing field of large-scale time domain astronomy requires methods for probabilistic
data analysis that are computationally tractable, even with large data sets. Gaussian …

Hot Jupiters were the first exoplanets to be discovered around main sequence stars and
astonished us with their close-in orbits. They are a prime example of how exoplanets have …

Context. Gaia has been in operations since 2014, and two full data releases (DR) have been
delivered so far: DR1 in 2016 and DR2 in 2018. The third Gaia data release expands from …

Various theoretical models treating the effect of stellar irradiation on planetary envelopes
predict the presence of a radius valley, ie a bimodal distribution of planet radii, with super …

In the coming years and decades, advanced space-and ground-based observatories will
allow an unprecedented opportunity to probe the atmospheres and surfaces of potentially …