Cardiovascular disease, with atherosclerosis as the major underlying factor, remains the
leading cause of death worldwide. It is well established that cholesterol ester-enriched foam …

Atherosclerosis is the underlying cause of heart attack and stroke. Early observations that
cholesterol is a key component of arterial plaques gave rise to the cholesterol hypothesis for …

Background Cardiovascular events frequently recur after acute myocardial infarction, and
low cholesterol efflux—a process mediated by apolipoprotein A1, which is the main protein …

Scientific evidence continues to demonstrate the linkage of vascular contributions to
cognitive impairment and dementia such as Alzheimer's disease. In December, 2013, the …

Inflammation contributes to many of the characteristics of plaques implicated in the
pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes. Moreover, inflammatory pathways not only …

Even at low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goal, patients with cardiometabolic
abnormalities remain at high risk of cardiovascular events. This paper aims (i) to critically …

High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are endogenous nanoparticles involved in the transport and
metabolism of cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides. HDL is well-known as the …

Since the discovery in the 1970s that plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
(HDL-C) are inversely associated with cardiovascular outcome, it has been postulated that …

Leukocytosis is associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk in humans and
develops in hypercholesterolemic atherosclerotic animal models. Leukocytosis is associated …

Atherosclerosis is commonly looked upon as a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial
wall arising from an unbalanced lipid metabolism and a maladaptive inflammatory response …