1. INTRODUCTION The length of straightened-out DNA in a single cell is nearly 2 m. In
mammalian cells, the nucleus has a diameter of approximately 6 μm and occupies about …

The extensive length, compaction, and interwound nature of DNA, together with its
controlled and restricted movement in eukaryotic cells, create a number of topological issues …

Etoposide is a semi-synthetic glycoside derivative of podophyllotoxin, also known as VP-16.
It is a widely used anticancer medicine in clinics. Unfortunately, high doses or long-term …

Type II topoisomerases are essential enzymes that modulate DNA under‐and overwinding,
knotting, and tangling. Beyond their critical physiological functions, these enzymes are the …

Acetals and ketals and their nitrogen and sulfur homologues are often considered to be
unconventional and potentially problematic scaffolding elements or pharmacophores for the …

At their proliferative limit, normal cells arrest and undergo replicative senescence, displaying
large cell size, flat morphology, and senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) …

DNA replication is a highly demanding process regarding the energy and material supply
and must be precisely regulated, involving multiple cellular feedbacks. The slowing down or …

Eukaryotic type II topoisomerases (Top2α and Top2β) are homodimeric enzymes; they are
essential for altering DNA topology by the formation of normally transient double strand DNA …

A series of 2-substituted amino-3-chloro-1, 4-naphthoquinone derivatives (3–12) were
synthesized as anticancer agents and tested against four cancer cell lines including HepG2 …

Phenylpropanoids are a class of abundant building blocks found in plants and derived from
phenylalanine and tyrosine. Phenylpropanoid polymerization leads to the second most …