Mosquitoes vary in their competence or ability to transmit arthropod-borne viruses
(arboviruses). Many arboviruses cause disease in humans and animals. Identifying the …

In vector-borne diseases, the complex interplay between pathogen and its vector's immune
system determines the outcome of infection and therefore disease transmission. Serpins …

Parallels between phylogeny and ontogeny have been discussed for almost two centuries,
and a number of theories have been proposed to explain such patterns. Especially elusive is …

Abstract Background The mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, is the primary vector of human
malaria, a disease responsible for millions of deaths each year. To improve strategies for …

Mosquito control methods are vital to curtail the spread of life-threatening illnesses, such as
dengue fever, malaria, and yellow fever. Vector control technologies must be selective to …

Bacterial intracellular symbiosis (endosymbiosis) is widespread in nature and impacts many
biological processes. In holometabolous symbiotic insects, metamorphosis entails a …

Constraints in embryonic development are thought to bias the direction of evolution by
making some changes less likely, and others more likely, depending on their consequences …

CPR proteins are the largest cuticular protein family in arthropods. The whole genome
sequence of Anopheles gambiae revealed 156 genes that code for proteins with the R&R …

The complement C3-like protein TEP1 of the mosquito Anopheles gambiae is required for
defense against malaria parasites and bacteria. Two forms of TEP1 are present in the …

Background The immune system of adult mosquitoes has received significant attention
because of the ability of females to vector disease-causing pathogens while ingesting blood …