Soil moisture (SM) is a key hydrologic state variable that is of significant importance for
numerous Earth and environmental science applications that directly impact the global …

Presently, wireless sensor network (WSN) plays important role in engineering, science,
agriculture and many other field like surveillance, military applications, smart cars etc …

The projected increases in World population and need for food have recently motivated
adoption of information technology solutions in crop fields within precision agriculture …

Monitoring Earth's terrestrial water conditions is critically important to many hydrological
applications such as global food production; assessing water resources sustainability; and …

Soil water content (SWC) plays a key role in partitioning water and energy fluxes at the land
surface and in controlling hydrologic fluxes such as groundwater recharge. Despite the …

Rivers are the great shapers of terrestrial landscapes. Very few points on Earth above sea
level do not lie within a drainage basin. Even points distant from the nearest channel are …

The hybrid wireless sensor network is a promising application of wireless sensor networking
techniques. The main difference between a hybrid WSN and a terrestrial wireless sensor …

The realization of Internet of underground things (IOUT) relies on the establishment of
reliable communication links, where the antenna becomes a major design component due …

Agriculture plays an important role in the life span of human being not only for their survival
but for the better economic growth of the country too. Precision agriculture is the new …

Wireless Underground Sensor Networks (WUSNs) consist of wirelessly connected
underground sensor nodes that communicate untethered through soil. WUSNs have the …