Climate warming is considered to be among the most serious of anthropogenic stresses to
the environment, because it not only has direct effects on biodiversity, but it also exacerbates …

Zooplankton are major consumers of phytoplankton primary production in marine
ecosystems. As such, they represent a critical link for energy and matter transfer between …

The ocean is a key component of the Earth system (Chapter 1) as it provides essential life
supporting services (Inniss et al. 2017). For example, it stores heat trapped in the …

Lake ecosystems, and the organisms that live within them, are vulnerable to temperature
change,,,–, including the increased occurrence of thermal extremes. However, very little is …

Plant phenology, the annually recurring sequence of plant developmental stages, is
important for plant functioning and ecosystem services and their biophysical and …

This Report responds to the invitation for IPCC?... to provide a Special Report in 2018 on the
impacts of global warming of 1.5° C above pre-industrial levels and related global …

Our current 1.1° C warmer world is already affecting natural and human systems in Europe
(very high confidence1). Since AR5, there has been a substantial increase in detected or …

Mountain areas are biodiversity hotspots and provide a multitude of ecosystem services of
irreplaceable socio‐economic value. In the European Alps, air temperature has increased at …

Monitoring global biodiversity from space through remotely sensing geospatial patterns has
high potential to add to our knowledge acquired by field observation. Although a framework …

Phenological mismatch results when interacting species change the timing of regularly
repeated phases in their life cycles at different rates. We review whether this continuously …