When an animal faces a threatening situation while asleep, rapid arousal is the essential
prerequisite for an adequate response. Here, we find that predator stimuli induce immediate …

Recent advancements in technology have enabled researchers to probe the brain with the
greater region, cell, and receptor specificity. These developments have allowed for a more …

A large body of literature has highlighted the significance of the corticotropin‐releasing
factor (CRF) system in the regulation of neuropsychiatric diseases. Anxiety disorders are …

In response to stressors, individuals adopt different behavioral styles, which are essential for
survival and form the basis of differential susceptibility to stress-related disorders …

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects 7.7 million Americans. One diagnostic criterion
for PTSD is avoidance of stimuli that are related to the traumatic stress. Using a predator …

The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the neuropeptide corticotropin-releasing factor
(CRF) have recently been receiving more attention from those interested in the neurobiology …

The amygdala (Amy) is an important center that processes threatening stimuli. Among the
neurotransmitters implicated in the control of emotional states, the corticotrophin releasing …

The central neurotensin system has been implicated in reward, memory processes, also in
the regulation of anxiety. However, the neural substrates where neurotensin acts to regulate …

Background Methamphetamine is a highly addictive and abused psychostimulant.
Symptoms of methamphetamine withdrawal including drug craving and anxiety that can …

Previous studies have revealed that neuropeptide VGF (non-acronymic) C-terminal peptide
TLQP-62 rapidly activates brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tropomyosin receptor …