Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play a pivotal role in
the dynamic cell signaling systems in plants, even under biotic and abiotic stress conditions …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are continually generated as a consequence of the normal
metabolism in aerobic organisms. Accumulation and release of ROS into cell take place in …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated inevitably in the redox reactions of plants,
including respiration and photosynthesis. In earlier studies, ROS were considered as toxic …

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) has a crucial role in secondary phenylpropanoid
metabolism and is one of the most extensively studied enzymes with respect to plant …

Higher plants contain plant‐specific peroxidases (class III peroxidase; Prxs) that exist as
large multigene families. Reverse genetic studies to characterize the function of each Prx …

Harnessing the toxic properties of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to fight off invading
pathogens can be considered a major evolutionary success story. All aerobic organisms …

In plants, reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated with the response to pathogen attack
are generated by NADPH oxidases or apoplastic peroxidases. Antisense expression of a …

Class III peroxidases are secretory enzymes which belong to a ubiquitous multigene family
in higher plants and have been identified to play role in a broad range of physiological and …

Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a hallmark of successful recognition of
infection and activation of plant defenses. ROS play multifaceted signaling functions …

When plants are attacked by pathogens, they defend themselves with an arsenal of defence
mechanisms, both passive and active. The active defence responses, which require de novo …