Glutamate neurotransmission and metabolism are finely modulated by the retinal network,
where the efficient processing of visual information is shaped by the differential distribution …

Activation of the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) responsive subclass of glutamate receptors
is an important mechanism of excitatory synaptic transmission. Moreover, NMDA receptors …

purpose. Early visual defects in degenerative diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP)
may arise from phased remodeling of the neural retina. The authors sought to explore the …

Cone signals divide into parallel ON and OFF bipolar cell pathways, which respond to
objects brighter or darker than the background and release glutamate onto the …

Electric stimulation of the CNS is being evaluated as a treatment modality for a variety of
neurological, psychiatric, and sensory disorders. Despite considerable success in some …

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited blinding disease characterized by progressive loss
of retinal photoreceptors. There are numerous rodent models of retinal degeneration, but …

The vertebrate retina is a “genuine neural center”(Ramón y Cajal), in which glutamate is a
major excitatory neurotransmitter. Both N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA …

Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) reflects a range of inherited retinal disorders which involve
photoreceptor degeneration and retinal pigmented epithelium dysfunction. Despite the …

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) receive excitatory glutamatergic input from ON and OFF
bipolar cells in distinct sublaminae of the inner plexiform layer (IPL). AMPA and NMDA …

At most excitatory synapses, AMPA and NMDA receptors (AMPARs and NMDARs) occupy
the postsynaptic density (PSD) and contribute to miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents …