The concept of cell signaling in the context of nonenzyme-assisted protein modifications by
reactive electrophilic and oxidative species, broadly known as redox signaling, is a uniquely …

Tumors are often viewed as unique entities with specific behaviors. However, tumors are a
mixture of differentially evolved subpopulations of cells in constant Darwinian evolution …

Inevitable byproducts of aerobic metabolism are free radicals and other highly reactive
oxidants and nitrosants that are continuously formed within cells. Most cells generally …

Significance: Oxidants were once principally considered perpetrators of injury and disease.
However, this has become an antiquated view, with cumulative evidence showing that the …

Over the last 20 years, it has become clear that cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes generate
a spectrum of bioactive lipid mediators from endogenous substrates. However, studies …

Continuous oxidation of carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids generate extremely reactive
carbonyl species (RCS). Human body comprises some important RCS namely hexanal …

Protein lipoxidation is a non-enzymatic post-translational modification that consists of the
covalent addition of reactive lipid species to proteins. This occurs under basal conditions but …

Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is inhibited by electrophilic lipids by their adduction to
Cys521 proximal to its catalytic center. This inhibition prevents hydrolysis of the enzymes' …

Nitro fatty acids (NFAs) are endogenously generated lipid mediators deriving from reactions
of unsaturated electrophilic fatty acids with reactive nitrogen species. Furthermore …

The common and severe psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD)
and bipolar disorder (BD), are associated with inflammation, oxidative stress and changes in …