Liver metastasis is a frequent phenomenon in advanced tumor disease. Immune checkpoint
inhibitors (ICIs) are a new class of therapeutics that can improve the prognosis of cancer …

Objectives: To examine patient and disease characteristics, toxicity, and clinical outcomes
for patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (aUC) who are rechallenged with immune …

Immune checkpoint molecules, such as programmed cell death 1 (PD‑1) and programmed
cell death ligand 1 (PD‑L1), have a critical role in regulating immune responses, including in …

Background Platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) followed by avelumab switch
maintenance in nonprogressors is standard first line (1L) treatment for advanced urothelial …

Abstract Background Microsatellite Instability (MSI) and Tumor Mutational Burden (TMB) are
associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy. We examined the association …

Background Bellmunt Risk Score, based on Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG)
performance status (PS), hemoglobin levels and presence of liver metastases, is the most …

Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has prolonged survival in patients with
extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) as first-line treatment. However, whether …

Objectives Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are indicated for metastatic urothelial cancer
(mUC), but predictive and prognostic factors are lacking. We investigated clinical variables …

Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors have changed previous treatment paradigm of
advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC). The ARON-2 study (NCT05290038) aimed to assess …

PURPOSE Pembrolizumab is standard therapy for patients with metastatic urothelial cancer
(mUC) who progress after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy; however, only …