Over billions of years, the ocean has been regarded as the origin of life on Earth. The ocean
includes the largest range of habitats, hosting the most life-forms. Competition amongst …

Generations of plant scientists have been fascinated by alpine plant life-with the exposure of
organisms to dramatic climatic gradients over a very short distance. This comprehensive text …

Cold-adapted (psychrophilic and psychrotrophic) microorganisms are distinguished from
mesophiles by their ability to grow at low temperatures. They are widely distributed in nature …

Extracellular degradative enzymes released by psychrophilic marine bacteria (growing
optimally at or below 15° C and maximally at 20° C) typically express activity optima at …

The diversity of culturable bacteria associated with sea ice from four permanently cold fjords
of Spitzbergen, Arctic Ocean, was investigated. A total of 116 psychrophilic and …

We surveyed three samples of alpine glacier cryoconite for heterotrophic microbial life. All
samples contained bacteria, yeasts, and hyphomycetes. Aerobic heterotrophic bacteria were …

An Antarctic marine bacterium (strain 116) excreting an extracellular cold-adapted
metalloprotease was subjected to a detailed polyphasic taxonomic investigation. Strain 116 …

Vor etwa einem Jahrhundert etablierte sich die Bodenmikrobiologie als Wissenschaft. Zu
dieser Zeit erschienen auch die ersten Berichte über Bodenenzyme. Die frühen …

Cryoconite holes have been discussed in the literature since Nordenskiöld's 1870 crossing
of Greenland. They are found in high latitude and high alpine glaciers where sediment is …

Roots of 42 plant species, collected in northern Finland from Carex bigelowii and Salix
herbácea rich snowbed communities at four altitudes (600-900 m) above treeline in low and …