Internal transport barriers in tokamak plasmas are explored in order to improve confinement
and stability beyond the reference scenario, used for the ITER extrapolation, and to achieve …

Tokamak discharges with improved energy confinement properties arising from internal
transport barriers (ITBs) have certain attractive features, such as a large bootstrap current …

The understanding and predictive capability of transport physics and plasma confinement is
reviewed from the perspective of achieving reactor-scale burning plasmas in the ITER …

A new sustained high-performance regime, combining discrete edge and core transport
barriers, has been discovered in the DIII-D tokamak. Edge localized modes (ELMs) are …

A high confinement equilibrium with nearly zero toroidal current in the central region (a
“current hole”) has been observed for the first time to persist stably for several seconds in the …

The operation of JT-60U reversed shear discharges has been extended to a high plasma
current, low q regime keeping a large radius of the internal transport barrier (ITB), and a …

Numerical simulations of electron temperature gradient (ETG) turbulence are presented that
characterize the ETG fluctuation spectrum, establish limits to the validity of the adiabatic ion …

The formation mechanism of internal transport barriers (ITBs) in flux-driven turbulence is
studied by means of the full-f gyrokinetic code GKNET. In the adiabatic electron case with a …

Tokamaks have demonstrated excellent plasma confinement capability because of their
symmetry but has an intrinsic drawback because of their pulsed inductive operation. Efforts …

The mitigation of the large pulsed heat loads induced by edge-localized modes (ELMs) on
the divertor plates is one of the most important issues for a tokamak fusion reactor. However …