The nucleolus is the most conspicuous domain in the eukaryotic cell nucleus, whose main
function is ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis and ribosome biogenesis. However, there is …

Wheat powdery mildew caused by a biotrophic fungus Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is
a widespread airborne disease which continues to threaten global wheat production. One of …

Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus “Las” is a phloem-limited bacterial plant pathogen, and
the most prevalent species of Liberibacter associated with citrus huanglongbing (HLB), a …

Plant biotrophic pathogens employ secreted molecules, called effectors, to suppress the
host immune system and redirect the host's metabolism and development in their favour …

Phytophthora palmivora (Butler) is an hemibiotrophic oomycete capable of infecting over
200 plant species including one of the most economically important crops, Theobroma …

The ability of countless representatives of the Kingdom Fungi to adapt to and proliferate in
diverse environments is facilitated by regulation of their secretomes to respond to changes …

Tritrophic interactions involving a biocontrol agent, a pathogen and a plant have been
analyzed predominantly from the perspective of the biocontrol agent. We have conducted …

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are among the most damaging pests of agricultural crops.
Meloidogyne is an extremely polyphagous genus of nematodes that can infect thousands of …

Fungi of the Pucciniales order cause rust diseases which, altogether, affect thousands of
plant species worldwide and pose a major threat to several crops. How rust effectors …

Main conclusion Identification and functional characterization of plant pathogen effectors
promise to ameliorate future research and develop effective and sustainable strategies for …