Several RNA virus genera belonging to the Virgaviridae and Flexiviridae families encode
proteins organized in a triple gene block (TGB) that facilitate cell-to-cell and long-distance …

As channels that provide cell-to-cell connectivity, plasmodesmata are central to the local and
systemic spread of viruses in plants. This review discusses the current state of knowledge of …

Intercellular transport of viruses through cytoplasmic connections, termed plasmodesmata
(PD), is essential for systemic infection in plants by viruses. Previous genetic and …

Endophytic Trichoderma isolates collected in tropical environments were evaluated for
biocontrol activity against Phytophthora capsici in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum). Six …

Agroinfiltration is a versatile, rapid and simple technique that is widely used for transient
gene expression in plants. In this chapter we focus on its use in molecular plant pathology …

Plant viruses use plasmodesmata (PD) to spread infection between cells and systemically.
Dependent on viral species, movement through PD can occur in virion or non-virion form …

The last Hordeivirus review appearing in this series 20 years ago focused on the
comparative biology, relationships, and genome organization of members of the genus …

Plant viruses cannot exploit any of the membrane fusion-based routes of entry described for
animal viruses. In addition, one of the distinctive structures of plant cells, the cell wall, acts as …

Plant viruses are obligate organisms that require host components for movement within and
between cells. A mechanistic understanding of virus movement will allow the identification of …

The symplastic communication network established by plasmodesmata (PD) and connected
phloem provides an essential pathway for spatiotemporal intercellular signaling in plant …