Abstract Social Signal Transduction Theory of Depression is a biologically plausible, multi-
level theory that describes neural, physiologic, molecular, and genomic mechanisms that …

Increased prevalence, severity, and burden of anxiety, trauma-related and stress-related
disorders in women compared with men has been well documented. Evidence from a variety …

Sex hormones act throughout the entire brain of both males and females via both genomic
and nongenomic receptors. Sex hormones can act through many cellular and molecular …

A leading authority draws on new research to explain why the adolescent years are so
developmentally crucial, and what we must do to raise happier, more successful kids …

Along with advanced age and apolipoprotein E (APOE)-4 genotype, female sex is a major
risk factor for developing late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Considering that AD …

A historical perspective on estradiol's enhancement of cognitive function is presented, and
research, primarily in animals, but also in humans, is reviewed. Data regarding the …

Perimenopause is a midlife transition state experienced by women that occurs in the context
of a fully functioning neurological system and results in reproductive senescence. Although …

In recent years, the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and the brain
has emerged as a factor that influences immunity, metabolism, neurodevelopment and …

This article is part of a Special Issue “Estradiol and cognition”. Over the past 30 years,
research has demonstrated that estrogens not only are important for female reproduction …

Contrary to popular belief, sex hormones act throughout the entire brain of both males and
females via both genomic and nongenomic receptors. Many neural and behavioral functions …