Importance Cardiovascular disease and cancer are the 2 leading causes of death in the US,
and vitamin and mineral supplementation has been proposed to help prevent these …

Background The effects of vitamin D on fractures, falls, and bone mineral density are
uncertain, particularly for high vitamin D doses. We aimed to determine the effect of vitamin …

Objective To investigate whether vitamin D supplementation is associated with lower
mortality in adults. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled …

Background Vitamin D and related compounds have been used to prevent osteoporotic
fractures in older people. This is the third update of a Cochrane review first published in …

Background A large number of observational studies have reported harmful effects of low 25-
hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels on non-skeletal outcomes. We performed a systematic …

Background Findings from recent meta-analyses of vitamin D supplementation without co-
administration of calcium have not shown fracture prevention, possibly because of …

Background Available evidence on the effects of vitamin D on mortality has been
inconclusive. In a recent systematic review, we found evidence that vitamin D 3 may …

Background Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with many disorders, leading to calls for
widespread supplementation. Some investigators suggest that more clinical trials to test the …

Vitamin D has captured attention as an important determinant of bone health, but there is no
common definition of optimal vitamin D status. Herein, we address the question: What is the …

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors are associated with low serum 25
hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D) concentrations in observational studies; however, clinical trial …