Emerging evidence has assigned an important role to sleep as a modulator of metabolic
homeostasis. The impact of variations in sleep duration, sleep-disordered breathing, and …

Rates of obesity have been steadily increasing, along with disorders commonly associated
with obesity, such as cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes. Simultaneously, average …

A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, eg gas concentration, pH value;
Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, eg interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using …

Exogenous administration of orexin can promote wakefulness and respiration. Here we
examined whether intrinsic orexin participates in the control of breathing in a vigilance state …

Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is hypothesized to be influenced by genes within
pathways involved with obesity, craniofacial development, inflammation, and ventilatory …

Upper airway muscles subserve many essential for survival orofacial behaviors, including
their important role as accessory respiratory muscles. In the face of certain predisposition of …

Orexin makes an important contribution to the regulation of cardiorespiratory function. When
injected centrally under anesthesia, orexin increases blood pressure, heart rate, sympathetic …

Obstructive sleep apnea is the most common sleep-related breathing disorder. Repetitive
episodes of the obstructive respiratory events lead to arousal, sleep fragmentation, and …

Respiratory long-term facilitation (LTF) is a long-lasting (> 1 h) augmentation of respiratory
motor output that occurs even after cessation of hypoxic stimuli, is serotonin-dependent, and …

BACKGROUND: Hypothalamic orexinergic neurons play a critical role in the promotion and
maintenance of wakefulness in mammals. Previous studies have demonstrated that …