The history of agricultural trade stretches back more than ten millennia, but it became more
inter‐continental from the 17th century and much denser in the 19th century following the …

According to the well-known “Pollution Haven Effect”, wealthy countries with strong
environmental regulations will have a comparative disadvantage in pollution-intensive …

The pollution paradise hypothesis states that international trade shifts pollution from
developed countries to developing countries, ignoring the positive effects that the …

Water utilization, energy consumption, and carbon emissions are mutually intertwined and
play vital roles in agricultural supply chains. Identifying the water-energy‑carbon (WEC) …

This study attempts to relook at the pollution haven hypothesis for the G7 and BRICS
countries. The empirical analysis begins by detecting the cross-sectional dependence …

This paper describes the sources and methods used to estimate carbon emissions
embodied in final demand and international gross trade for 65 economies over the period …

International production fragmentation has generated and reallocated value added as well
as CO2 emissions across economies. Prior studies have mainly focused on the embodied …

China and India are the countries with the largest increase in carbon emissions and one of
the fastest growing economies in the world. A better understanding of the carbon emissions …

Based on a new accounting and decomposition framework for the carbon emissions of
foreign-invested enterprises (FIEs), this study analyzed the global value chain (GVC) …

Understanding the causes of growing carbon transfers between developing countries is
likely to be the first step in their mitigation. With this in mind, the current paper uses multi …