The last few decades have witnessed unprecedented convergence between humans and
machines that closely operate around the human body. Despite these advances, traditional …

Brain–computer interfaces—which allow direct communication between the brain and
external computers—have potential applications in neuroscience, medicine and virtual …

A spinal cord injury interrupts the communication between the brain and the region of the
spinal cord that produces walking, leading to paralysis,. Here, we restored this …

Stretchable hybrid devices have enabled high-fidelity implantable,–and on-skin,–monitoring
of physiological signals. These devices typically contain soft modules that match the …

Intrinsically stretchable bioelectronic devices based on soft and conducting organic
materials have been regarded as the ideal interface for seamless and biocompatible …

Neurotransmitters play essential roles in regulating neural circuit dynamics both in the
central nervous system as well as at the peripheral, including the gastrointestinal tract …

For the practical use of synthetic hydrogels as artificial biological tissues, flexible electronics,
and conductive membranes, achieving requirements for specific mechanical properties is …

Epidural electrical stimulation (EES) targeting the dorsal roots of lumbosacral segments
restores walking in people with spinal cord injury (SCI). However, EES is delivered with …

The development of fiber materials has accompanied the evolution of human civilization for
centuries. Recent advances in materials science and chemistry offered fibers new …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a severe condition with an extremely high disability rate.
The challenges of SCI repair include its complex pathological mechanisms and the …