Interest in natural cell immobilization or biofilms for lactic acid fermentation has developed
considerably over the last few decades. Many studies report the benefits associated with …

Architectural design and material innovation are reciprocally interconnected on multiple
levels. The advancement of manufacturing techniques and processes, as well as new …

Interacting microbial consortia are of keen interest for developing new biotechnological
applications. While most efforts to engineer microbial consortia have focused on well-mixed …

Bioreactor is one of the prime processing units widely employed to produce important
chemical and biochemical compounds. In this paper, a hybrid heuristic algorithm has been …

Over the past decades, bacterial resistance has emerged to virtually all classes of
antibiotics, highlighting the need for new antibiotics, ideally with novel mechanisms of …

Hydrolysis and Synthesis of Peptides Page 1 17 Hydrolysis and Synthesis of Peptides Timo
Nuijens, Peter JLM Quaedflieg, and Hans-Dieter Jakubke 17.1 Introduction Peptides and …