Cytokines are critical mediators that oversee and regulate immune and inflammatory
responses via complex networks and serve as biomarkers for many diseases. Quantification …

Nanomaterials are increasingly being used in new products and devices with a great impact
on different fields from sensoristics to biomedicine. Biosynthesis of nanomaterials by …

Diatoms are unicellular microalga found in soil and almost every aquatic environment
(marine and fresh water). Biogenic silica and diatoms are attractive for biotechnological and …

Global challenges require novel solutions. Microbial nanotechnology has the potential to
offer an eco-friendly approach for advancing the pharmaceutical, food, environment and …

As an important analysis technology, SERS has the characteristics of fast, sensitive,
informative and highly selective. The sensitivity and reproducibility are highly dependent on …

Vibrational spectroscopy and imaging promise molecular information that can be rapidly
acquired without the need for specialized stains or dyes, thereby potentially simplifying and …

Abstract Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy is increasingly used as a sensitive
bioanalytical tool for detection of variety of analytes ranging from viruses and bacteria to …

Diatoms—unicellular photosynthetic algae—are promising natural sources of
nanostructured silica. These microorganisms produce in their membrane approximately a …

Silica and silicon nanomaterials have diverse applications in the field of drug/gene delivery,
lightweight aggregates, regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, cancer …

Detection of tumor markers is a key to realize the early diagnosis of cancer patients and
improve the survival rate of patients. However, there are still great challenges in developing …