Carbonate minerals have precipitated from seawater for at least the last 3.8 billion years, but
changes in the physical and chemical properties of carbonate rocks demonstrate that the …

The Tonian and Cryogenian periods (ca. 1000–635.5 Ma) witnessed important biological
and climatic events, including diversification of eukaryotes, the rise of algae as primary …

Iron is a remarkable element in its relatively high abundance for its mass and its sensitivity to
(and control of) redox on a planetary scale over geologic time. Numerous volumes have …

It is generally accepted that photosynthetic marine planktonic bacteria were responsible for
the oxidation of dissolved ferrous iron (Fe (II)) and the subsequent deposition of iron …

Rare earth elements and Yttrium (REYs) are critical to the emerging high-tech and green-
energy industries, generating tremendous REY demand in recent decades. Recently, many …

The variation in the iron isotopic composition (δ 56 Fe) of sedimentary pyrite is often
interpreted to reflect the degree of Fe redox cycling in modern and ancient environments …

The microbial origin of Precambrian iron formations is debated due to the lack of direct fossil
evidence. In order to reveal the genesis of ironstones under low-oxygen levels, integrative …

The early Cambrian ocean was marked by significant redox changes, but the detailed redox
evolution of seawater and its relationship to biological expansion are not fully understood …

Abstract The late Ediacaran (551–541 Ma) oceanic environment could represent a
significant preparation for the enrichment of redox sensitive elements during the early …

Abstract The ca. 810 Ma Bitter Springs carbon isotope anomaly is an abrupt and long-lived
(5–10 Myr.) departure from the positive carbon isotope values (δ 13 C carb) that otherwise …