Live streaming has become increasingly popular, with most streamers presenting their real-
life appearance. However, Virtual YouTubers (VTubers), virtual 2D or 3D avatars that are …

This article contributes to histories of live music since digitalization and provides a corrective
to the neglect of liveness in scholarship on streaming and platformization. The study argues …

We examine how TikTok expanded into the South Korean landscape by utilizing K-pop as a
vehicle, thus demonstrating the theory of 'platformed glocalization'. After several failed …

While participating in live concerts is a promising application of virtual reality (VR), it falls
short of our participation experience in the real world. In particular, to increase the …

This introduction to the topic of character recontextualization sets out to ad-dress a variety of
character products that cannot be adequately described as› narrative‹: Coffee mugs, clothes …

Streamers and celebrities are increasingly using virtual avatars as a form of online
entertainment; moreover, VTubers and virtual concerts are reporting increasing viewership …

Technology is growing at an exponential rate vis-à-vis humanity's ability to control it.
Moreover, the numerous ethical issues that technology raises are also troubling. These …

This paper reports recent development, experiences and evaluations of social VR platforms
in Japan that have been motivated by VTubers and VRChat since 2018, especially the …

Conventionally, human-controlled and machine-controlled virtual characters are studied
separately under different theoretical frameworks based on the ontological nature of the …

Purpose This study aims to expand understanding of the diversity of virtual influencer forms
by investigating their nonhuman-like, animal and graphic or cartoon variations …