Hypocretin/orexin neurons are distributed restrictively in the hypothalamus, a brain region
known to orchestrate diverse functions including sleep, reward processing, food intake …

Hypothalmic orexin/hypocretin (Orx) neurons in the lateral and dorsomedial perifornical
region (LH-DMH/PeF) innervate broadly throughout the brain, and receive similar inputs …

The nucleus accumbens (NAc) contains a hedonic hotspot in the rostral half of medial shell,
where opioid agonist microinjections are known to enhance positive hedonic orofacial …

Maintenance of body weight is fundamental to maintain one's health and to promote
longevity. Nevertheless, it appears that the global obesity epidemic is still constantly …

Background Orexin can facilitate emergence after general anaesthesia via multiple neural
pathways. Dopaminergic neurones in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) participate in …

Rationale The female menstrual or estrous cycle and its associated fluctuations in circulating
estradiol (E2), progesterone, and other gonadal hormones alter orexin or hypocretin peptide …

Abstract Purpose of Review Hypertension is one of the most challenging health problems
inducing cerebrovascular disease and high percentage of death when associated with …

The central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) is widely implicated as a structure that integrates
both appetitive and aversive stimuli. While intrinsic CeA microcircuits primarily consist of …

Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder that afflicts 1 in 2000 individuals and is characterized
by excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy—a sudden loss of muscle tone triggered by …

Orexins, which are produced within neurons of the lateral hypothalamic area, play a pivotal
role in the regulation of various behaviors, including sleep/wakefulness, reward behavior …