Spermatogenesis is an extraordinary complex process. The differentiation of spermatogonia
into spermatozoa requires the participation of several cell types, hormones, paracrine …

Azoospermia affects 1% of men, and it can be due to:(i) hypothalamic-pituitary
dysfunction,(ii) primary quantitative spermatogenic disturbances,(iii) urogenital duct …

Mouse studies have been instrumental in forming our current understanding of early cell-
lineage decisions; however, similar insights into the early human development are severely …

The Y chromosome harbors a number of genes essential for testis development and
function. Its highly repetitive structure predisposes this chromosome to deletion/duplication …

Spermatogenesis involves the aggregated action of up to 2300 genes, any of which, could,
potentially, provide targets for diagnostic tests of male factor infertility. Contrary to the …

While 7% of the men are infertile, currently, a genetic etiology is identified in less than 25%
of those men, and 30% of the infertile men lack a definitive diagnosis, falling in the …

Oocytes are arrested for long periods of time in the prophase of the first meiotic division
(prophase I). As chromosome condensation poses significant constraints to gene …

Approximately 1 in 6 couples in the Western world is not able to conceive spontaneously
after 1 year of unprotected intercourse; in nearly half of these couples, the male partner has …

The male-specific Y chromosome, which is well known for its diverse and complex repetitive
sequences, has different sizes, genome structures, contents and evolutionary trajectories …

Y chromosomal ampliconic genes (YAGs) are important for male fertility, as they encode
proteins functioning in spermatogenesis. The variation in copy number and expression …