The morbidity and mortality of HIV type-1 (HIV-1)-related diseases were dramatically
diminished by the grounds of the introduction of potent antiretroviral therapy, which induces …

People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection typically have
hypovitaminosis D, which is linked to a large number of pathologies, including immune …

Hypovitaminosis D is a worldwide disorder, with a high prevalence in the general population
of both Western and developing countries. In HIV patients, several studies have linked …

The benefits of long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) are recognized all over the world with
infected children maturing into adults and HIV infection becoming a chronic illness …

Background Micronutrient deficiencies are common among adults living with HIV disease,
particularly in low‐income settings where the diet may be low in essential vitamins and …

Hypovitaminosis D is a very common disorder, regarding both Western and developing
countries. A growing amount of data over the last years have shown vitamin D deficiency to …

The usage of combination antiretroviral therapy in people with HIV (PWH) has incited
profound improvement in morbidity and mortality. Yet, PWH may not experience full …

Background Studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for cardiovascular
disease and diabetes. Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in HIV patients but the effect of …

Food insecurity, micronutrient deficits, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, obesity,
cardiovascular disease, and bone disorders complicate the treatment of HIV infection …

Cape Town, South Africa, has a seasonal pattern of UVB radiation and a predominantly dark-
skinned urban population who suffer high HIV-1 prevalence. This coexistent environmental …