Natural Fe-bearing ochres ranging in color from yellow to deep red and brown abound on
earth's crust. Quite often, ochres can be used for pigmenting purposes upon little or no …

Naturally occurring minerals or their synthetic analogues have been important as pigments
used in artistic and cosmetic contexts in global antiquity. The analysis and identification of …

This paper offers a broad and critical overview of current discussions on the potential uses
and the characterization of pigments in prehistory, with a special focus on prehistoric rock …

This manuscript seeks to facilitate meta-analysis of cross-disciplinary ochre studies by
advocating for a common vocabulary and clarifying the definition of “ochre” as used by …

The red disks from El Castillo Cave are among the earliest known cave paintings. Here, we
combine the morphometric and technological study of red disks from two areas located at …

Though many European Upper Palaeolithic sites document early examples of symbolic
material expressions (eg, cave art, personal ornaments, figurines), there exist few reports on …

Significant paintings from the Tito Bustillo (Ribadesella, Asturias) and El Buxu (Cardes,
Asturias) caves, renowned archaeological sites of the Cantabrian Palaeolithic cave art, were …

This paper offers an updated review of the variety of physicochemical analysis applied so far
to Levantine rock art (Spain) to characterize the composition of the pigments, as well as the …

The term “ochre” has many meanings: a colored stone, a pigment, sunscreen, a curiosity
item, a mustard hue, or even an object used for ritual. Ochre found at archaeological sites is …

Synthetic hematite (α-Fe 2 O 3) has been synthesized by simple and environmentally benign
aqueous sol–gel method. Annealing of the gels at different temperatures in the range of 500 …