▪ Abstract Recently, sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy has been
developed into a powerful technique to study surfaces of polymer materials. This review …

Over the last 30 years, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has made several significant
contributions to the field of biology and medicine. In this review, we draw our attention to the …

Terahertz (THz) biological imaging has attracted intense attention due to its capability of
acquiring physicochemical information in a label‐free, noninvasive, and nonionizing …

Carlos Bustamante,**'1 James Vesenka, 1 Chun Lin Tang, 1 William Rees, 1 Martin Guthold,
1 and Rebecca Keller § Institute of Molecular Biology and Department of Chemistry …

This study demonstrates a highly sensitive sensing scheme for the detection of low
concentrations of DNA, in principle down to the single biomolecule level. The previously …

A simple method of substrate preparation for imaging circular DNA molecules with the
scanning force microscope (SFM) is presented. These biomolecules are absorbed onto mica …

Membrane proteins are embedded in lipid bilayers and facilitate the communication
between the external environment and the interior of the cell. This communication is often …

The nanoManipulator system adds a virtual-reality interface to an atomic-force microscope
(AFM), thus providing a tool that can be used by scientists to image and manipulate …

A procedure for imaging long DNA and double stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules using
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is described. Stable binding of double stranded DNA …

Applications of scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopes in bio/organic researches
are reviewed with a special emphasis on the types of researches that are expected to …