▪ Abstract Behavioral, anatomical, and physiological approaches can be integrated in the
study of sound localization in barn owls. Space representation in owls provides a useful …

New York Times bestselling author Sam Harris's first book, The End of Faith, ignited a
worldwide debate about the validity of religion. In the aftermath, Harris discovered that most …

Bilateral cochlear-implant (BiCI) users are less accurate at localizing free-field (FF) sound
sources than normal-hearing (NH) listeners. This performance gap is not well understood …

The interaural level difference (ILD) plays a significant role in sound localization. However,
the definition of ILD for noise is open to some interpretation because it is not obvious how to …

In mammals, localization of sound sources in azimuth depends on sensitivity to interaural
differences in sound timing (ITD) and level (ILD). Paradoxically, while typical ILD-sensitive …

The barn owl, a nocturnal predator, derives its German name (“Schleiereule”, direct English
translation “veil owl”) from the conspicuous ruff that covers the ear openings and gives the …

Background When sound arrives at the eardrum it has already been filtered by the body,
head, and outer ear. This process is mathematically described by the head-related transfer …

The barn owl is a well-known model system for studying auditory processing and sound
localization. This article reviews the morphological and functional organization, as well as …

Although the ferret has become an important model species for studying both fundamental
and clinical aspects of spatial hearing, previous behavioral work has focused on studies of …

The interaural level difference (ILD) is a robust indicator of sound source azimuth, and
human ILD sensitivity persists under conditions that degrade normally-dominant interaural …