The burden of pain in newborn infants has been investigated in numerous studies, but little
is known about the appropriateness of the use of pain scales according to the specific type …

Prematurity is associated with an increased risk of long-term health and
neurodevelopmental problems. Key perinatal and neonatal factors that affect these …

Background Vulnerable preterm infants experience repeated and prolonged pain/stress
stimulation during a critical period in their development while in the neonatal intensive care …

Aim First, to systematically review the evidence on the effect of intervention applied during
the first postnatal year in infants with or at very high risk of cerebral palsy (CP) on child and …

Background Needle pricks are rated by children as their most feared medical event resulting
in acute pain, anxiety and distress, which negatively affects both the child and his/her …

Family integrated care (FICare) is a collaborative model of neonatal care which aims to
address the negative impacts of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) environment by …

Abstract The Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability (FLACC) scale is one of the most
commonly and widely used behavioral observation pain scales. The aim of this study was to …

Background Infants born very and extremely premature (V/EPT) are at a significantly
elevated risk for neurodevelopmental disorders and delays even in the absence of structural …

Objective: to determine the frequency of pain, to verify the measures adopted for pain relief
during the first seven days of hospitalization in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and to …

Objectives: During hospitalization in neonatal intensive care units, neonates are exposed to
many painful procedures within a stressful environment. To date, many evidence-based …