Blood analyses provide substantial information about the physiological aspects of animal
welfare assessment, including the activation status of the neuroendocrine and immune …

Previous reviews of stress, and the stress hormone cortisol, in fish have focussed on
physiology, due to interest in impacts on aquaculture production. Here, we discuss cortisol in …

With the continued growth of the aquaculture industry and increasing scientific discussion
over the potential for negative events to give rise to suffering, research into the welfare of …

An 84-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of the dietary administration of
Bacillus subtilis on the growth performance, body composition, intestinal probiotic recovery …

The zebrafish (D anio rerio) is a freshwater teleost of the family C yprinidae that is
established as a model organism in many research fields. Here, we define the …

It is generally considered that stress causes decreased immune function in fish. In this study
we examined in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar Linnaeus) the effects of both short-(a single …

The ornamental fish trade is estimated to handle up to 1· 5 billion fishes. Transportation and
handling of fishes imposes a range of stressors that can result in mortality at rates of up to …

Background Aquaculture is a fast-growing industry and therefore welfare and environmental
impact have become of utmost importance. Preventing stress associated to common …

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has become a well-established experimental model in many
research fields but the loss of the primary sex-determining region during the process of …

Rearing fish at high densities may act as a chronic stressor leading to a reduced
performance. We hypothesise that this is due to an increase in energy requirements for …