Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a collective term for nanoscale or microscale vesicles
secreted by cells that play important biological roles. Mesenchymal stem cells are a class of …

Plastic surgery is a discipline that uses surgical methods or tissue transplantation to repair,
reconstruct and beautify the defects and deformities of human tissues and organs. Three …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative disease that afflicts more than 250 million
people worldwide, impairing their mobility and quality of life. However, conventional drug …

Growth factor therapy is an effective treatment strategy for bone repair. Research in this field
aims to develop functional biomaterials for delivering multiple growth factors in a temporally …

Natural organisms, such as lobsters, lotus, and humans, exhibit exceptional mechanical
properties due to their ordered structures. However, traditional hydrogels have limitations in …

Serum albumin, commonly recognized as a predominant major plasma protein, is
ubiquitously distributed among vertebrates, demonstrating versatility and widespread …

Bone fractures are common occurrence in clinical settings, creating a high demand for
effective repair material. Unfortunately, limited graft availability, donor site morbidities …

A hydrogel is a three-dimensional (3D) network structure formed through polymer
crosslinking, and these have emerged as a popular research topic in recent years. Hydrogel …

In view of their low immunogenicity, biomimetic internal environment, tissue-and organ-like
physicochemical properties, and functionalization potential, decellularized extracellular …

The complete healing of skin wounds has been a challenge in clinical treatment. Self-
healing hydrogels are special hydrogels formed by distinctive physicochemically reversible …