Background: Plastics have conveyed great benefits to humanity and made possible some of
the most significant advances of modern civilization in fields as diverse as medicine …

Plastic particle pollution has been shown to be almost completely ubiquitous within our
surrounding environment. This ubiquity in combination with a variety of unique properties …

Plastic pollution has become an increasingly serious environmental issue of global concern.
Approximately 9200 million tons of primary plastics were produced between 1950 and 2017 …

A large amount of plastic waste is generated yearly worldwide, and landfills are commonly
used for the disposal of plastic waste. However, burying in landfill does not get rid of the …

Marine mammals consume large quantities of microplastic particles, likely via trophic
transfer (ie, through prey who have consumed plastic) and direct consumption from …

With an increasing quantity of plastic waste being discharged into the oceans, marine
microplastic (MP) pollution has received widespread attention. However, the global …

Microplastics (MPs) are emerging and recalcitrant micropollutants in the environment, which
have attracted soaring interests from a wide range of research disciplines. To this end …

The rapid and silent emergence of microplastics (MPs) in the environment has recently
become a global problem with more and more studies are showing the harmful effects of …

Hundreds of studies have surveyed plastic debris in surface ocean gyre and convergence
zones, however, comprehensive microplastics (MPs,≤ 5 mm) assessments beneath these …

Microplastics (MPs) have been defined as particles of size< 5 mm and are characterized by
hydrophobicity and large surface areas. MPs interact with co-occurring hydrophobic organic …