Venomous animals use their venoms as tools for defense or predation. These venoms are
complex mixtures, mainly enriched of proteic toxins or peptides with several, and different …

In millions of years, spiders have optimized their venoms in order to assure successful prey
capture and defence against predators. Spider venoms have become unique cocktails of …

Nervous system of Periplaneta americana cockroach is used in a wide range of
pharmacological studies, including electrophysiological techniques. This paper presents its …

This communication reviews most of the important findings related to venom components
isolated from scorpions and spiders, mainly by means of gene cloning and expression …

PnTx4 (6-1), henceforth renamed δ-Ctenitoxin-Pn1a (δ-CNTX-Pn1a), a peptide from
Phoneutria nigriventer spider venom, initially described as an insect toxin, binds to site 3 of …

Arthropods are the most diverse animal group on the planet, and occupy almost all
ecological niches. Venomous arthropods are a rich source of bioactive compounds evolved …

Numerous and charismatic, the Lepidoptera is one of the most widely studied groups of
invertebrates. Advances in molecular tools and genomic techniques have reduced the need …

The venom of the spider Phoneutria nigriventer contains several toxins that have bioactivity
in mammals and insects. Accidents involving humans are characterized by various …

The movement of intact proteins across the digestive system was shown in a number of
different blood-feeding and non-blood-feeding insects in the orders Blattaria, Coleoptera …

BACKGROUND Entomopathogenic fungi have been developed as biopesticides, but poor
efficacy has blocked their application. One approach to improving virulence is by genetic …