Hydrogels have been widely investigated in biomedical fields due to their similar physical
and biochemical properties to the extracellular matrix (ECM). Collagen and hyaluronic acid …

Collagen is the oldest and most abundant extracellular matrix protein that has found many
applications in food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. First, an overview …

Engineering hierarchical vasculatures is critical for creating implantable functional thick
tissues. Current approaches focus on fabricating mesoscale vessels for implantation or …

Collagen is the most frequently used protein in the fields of biomaterials and regenerative
medicine. Within the skin, collagen type I and III are the most abundant, while collagen type …

Cultured meat is introduced as a valuable traditional meat equivalent. However, before
marketable end products are available, several hurdles need to be overcome. Among …

Biological materials found in living organisms, many of which are proteins, feature a
complex hierarchical organization. Type I collagen, a fibrous structural protein ubiquitous in …

Collagen is the most abundant extracellular matrix protein that is widely used in tissue
engineering (TE). There is little research done on printing pure collagen. To understand the …

Plants have had numerous biological, clinical, pharmaceutical and medicinal purposes for
many years; however, their use as a general platform for preparation of desired …

Severe ocular surface disease can result in limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD), a condition
leading to decreased visual acuity, photophobia, and ocular pain. To restore the ocular …

Plants have emerged as commercially relevant production systems for pharmaceutical and
nonpharmaceutical products. Currently, the commercially available nonpharmaceutical …