Understanding the ways in which individuals cope with threats, respond to challenges, make
use of opportunities and mediate the harmful effects of their surroundings is important for …

Avoiding predation is generally seen as the most common explanation for why animals
aggregate. However, it remains questionable whether the existing theory provides a …

Detailed quantifications of how predators and their grouping prey interact in three
dimensions (3D) remain rare. Here we record the structure and dynamics of fish shoals …

While the collective movements of fish schools evading predators in nature are complex,
they can be fundamentally represented by simplified mathematical models. Here we …

Highlights•We studied collective evasions of a simulated-predator in a large herring
school.•In risky situations, the herring changed their schooling dynamics.•Under risk, herring …

Abstract Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) have a repertoire of defensive behaviors against
insect predators and parasitoids that includes kicking, twitching, walking away and dropping …

Highlights•We examined collective behaviour in schooling Gulf menhaden in natural
habitats.•Habitat context induced changes in collective behavioural state of fish …

Fisheries acoustics surveys are effective tools in marine resource assessment and marine
ecology. Significant advances have occurred in recent years with the application of multiple …

So far, actuated fish models have been used to study animal interactions in small-scale
controlled experiments. This study, conducted in a semi-controlled setting, investigates robot …

Tidally driven fluctuations lead to rapid variations in hydrological properties that can have
profound effects on the dynamic and functions of salt marshes. During low tides, many …