Controversy exists about the maximum amount of protein that can be utilized for lean tissue-
building purposes in a single meal for those involved in regimented resistance training. It …

Background Muscle dysmorphia (MD) is associated with a self-perceived lack of size and
muscularity, and is characterized by a preoccupation with and pursuit of a hyper …

Many nutrition practices often used by bodybuilders lack scientific support and can be
detrimental to health. Recommendations during the dieting phase are provided in the …

Background Competitive bodybuilders employ a combination of resistance training,
cardiovascular exercise, calorie reduction, supplementation regimes and peaking strategies …

Premature deaths in bodybuilders regularly make headlines and are cited as evidence that
bodybuilding is a dangerous activity. A wealth of research has revealed elite athletes …

Today's industrial food production contributes significantly to environmental degradation.
Meat production accounts for the largest impact, including greenhouse gas emissions, land …

Methods The electronic databases PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Google Scholar, and MEDLINE
were searched. Each author was responsible for a section of the manuscript. The …

Abstract Bauer, P, Majisik, A, Mitter, B, Csapo, R, Tschan, H, Hume, P, Martínez-Rodríguez,
A, and Makivic, B. Body composition of competitive bodybuilders: a systematic review of …

Bodybuilding is a competitive endeavor where a combination of muscle size, symmetry,“
conditioning”(low body fat levels), and stage presentation are judged. Success in …

Competitive bodybuilders undergo strict dietary and training practices to achieve an
extremely lean and muscular physique. The purpose of this study was to identify and …