Oxidative stress is characterized by imbalanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production
and antioxidant defenses. Two main antioxidant systems exist. The nonenzymatic system …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by structural and neurochemical changes
in limbic structures, including the hippocampus, that regulate mood and cognitive functions …

Major depression is a debilitating and recurrent disorder with a substantial lifetime risk and a
high social cost. Depressed patients generally display co-morbid symptoms, and depression …

Norepinephrine (NE) is a major monoamine neurotransmitter that has widespread effects
across multiple brain areas to regulate arousal and stress responses. The underlying …

The brain is remarkably responsive to its interactions with the environment, and its
morphology is altered by experience in measurable ways. Histological examination of the …

In normal life, organisms are repeatedly exposed to brief periods of stress, most of which can
be controlled and adequately dealt with. The presently available data indicate that such brief …

Although stress represents the major environmental element of susceptibility for mood
disorders, the relationship between stress and disease remains to be fully established. In the …

Previous studies suggest that brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor TrkB are
critically involved in the therapeutic actions of antidepressant drugs. We have previously …

Depression is a neuropsychiatric disorder affecting a huge percentage of the active
population especially in developed countries. Research has devoted much of its attention to …

Increasing number of studies has during the last decade linked neurotrophic factors with the
pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders and with the mechanisms of action of drugs …